ABSTRACT
The Katarungang Pambarangay is primarily governed by Republic Act No. 7160, particularly Chapter 7 (Sections 399–422), which formally established the barangay justice system in its current form. The Katarungang Pambarangay is a time-honored and culturally grounded mechanism that promotes reconciliation and harmony within communities. This study determined the status of reported cases handled by Katarungang Pambarangay, analyze the challenges encountered, assess the strategies applied to address the challenges encountered by the Lupong Tagapamayapa members in the administration of Katarungang Pambarangay and propose an Enhanced Katarungang Pambarangay Program to improve the performance of the Lupong Pamayapa in handling cases. This study was conducted in the province of Sorsogon, covering the period from CY 2023 to 2025. This study used the descriptive qualitative method research design. The participants of the study are the Lupon members. The study reveals that Katarungang Pambarangay system effectively resolves common community disputes such as misunderstandings, financial issues, and family conflicts through amicable settlements, preventing escalation to higher courts despite fluctuations in case numbers. Although the Lupong Tagapamayapa faces challenges like non-cooperation, delays, and complex cases, it addresses them through communication, fair mediation, and proper case management, with the Enhanced Katarungang Pambarangay Program further strengthening its efficiency and effectiveness.
Keywords: Social Science, Challenges, Strategies, Katarungang Pambarangay, Lupon Tagapamayapa
INTRODUCTION
The concept of the rule of law has evolved across different legal traditions, notably the common law and continental systems. While the common law tradition emphasizes limiting state power, the continental approach not only restricts but also seeks to empower the government in ensuring justice and governance. Despite these distinctions, both systems place a high value on the rule of law as a foundation for civil society.
Globally, the rule of law is recognized as essential to achieving sustainable development. This is evident in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG-16), which promotes Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions. SDG-16 encourages the reduction of violence, the strengthening of legal institutions, and inclusive governance. It also highlights the potential of leveraging emerging technologies to support access to justice and reinforce the rule of law in underserved communities. Case studies from various international organizations show that adopting innovative, tech-enabled justice systems can significantly enhance institutional transparency and accountability (Küfeoğlu, S. (2022).
This international trend toward community-based justice finds resonance in the Philippines, where the Katarungang Pambarangay (KP) or Barangay Justice System (BJS) serves as a localized mechanism for resolving disputes. The KP system, rooted in traditional conflict resolution practices, is formalized under the Local Government Code of 1991 (RA No. 7160). It empowers the barangay, the smallest political unit in the country, to mediate minor disputes and prevent litigation overload in courts. Disputes are handled by the Lupon Tagapamayapa, a council led by the barangay captain and appointed community members who mediate and conciliate cases (Metillo et al., 2022; Respicio, 2025).
At the local level, particularly in the Bicol Region and the province of Sorsogon, the KP remains instrumental in preserving peace and resolving conflicts. Sorsogon, with its socio-economic diversity, faces unique challenges in implementing justice at the barangay level. Here, the KP system not only addresses local disputes but also fosters community solidarity and shared responsibility in maintaining order. By integrating digital tools and launching community awareness campaigns, the province aims to improve KP's functionality and public trust. The Katarungang Pambarangay system embodies the Philippines’ commitment to grassroots justice, reflecting both international best practices and localized traditions. While its value is undeniable, persistent challenges necessitate comprehensive evaluations and strategic reforms.
To gain a deeper understanding of the current state and effectiveness of the Katarungang Pambarangay system in Sorsogon Province, this study aims to examine its operational status, identify the challenges faced by the Lupong Tagapamayapa, assess the strategies employed to overcome these challenges, and ultimately propose an enhanced program to strengthen its implementation. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: determine the status of reported cases handled by Katarungang Pambarangay in terms of number and nature of the cases; and disposition of cases; analyze the challenges encountered by the Lupong tagapamayapa members in the administration of katarungang pambarangay; assess the strategies applied to address the challenges encountered by the Lupong Tagapamayapa members in the administration of Katarungang Pambarangay in Sorsogon province and propose an Enhanced Katarungang Pambarangay Program to improve the performance of the Lupong Pamayapa in handling cases in Sorsogon Province.
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